Quantum Science and Technology

Quantum theory, as one of the most important theories in physics, is the basis of more technologies developed in the last century. Lasers, transistors, MRI imaging and supercomputers are just a few examples of such technologies which are called first generation of quantum technology. However, research in the late twentieth century has shown that technologies based on quantum theory can be more advanced than what brought us the first quantum revolution. Such technologies, known as second generation of quantum technologies, or quantum technologies for short, rely on taking advantage of non-classical features of quantum mechanics, such as quantum entanglement, quantum superposition, and the uncertainty principle. Making use of such quantum properties together with information theory led to the emergence of quantum information theory. Capitalizing on the progress achieved in the preparation, controlling and manipulating the individual quantum particles and their interactions led to the emerging field of Quantum Science and Technology (QST). Examples of quantum technologies are quantum computers, quantum simulation, quantum communication and quantum sensors.